Everything you need to know about OBD-II fault code P0016 and how to fix it
What does the P0016 OBD-II code mean?
When a P0016 OBD-II generic code is triggered, it alerts the driver that the camshaft position sensor (CMP) for bank 1, which detects camshaft rotation, is not corresponding to the crankshaft position sensor (CKP) signal.
The CMP relays the information to the vehicle's Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The PCM uses that data to control the fuel injectors for ignition timing to keep cylinders firing efficiently.
The CKP relays crankshaft position and engine RPM to the PCM, and again, the data is used by the PCM to control ignition timing and fuel injection. Unfortunately, when the signal from either the CMP or CKP sensors is incorrect or defective, the PCM simply can't efficiently manage engine timing leading to startup problems and idling issues.
On most vehicle applications, the camshaft position sensor is located near the cylinder head so that the CMP is opposite the timing belt rotor attached to the engine camshaft. In addition, the crankshaft position sensor is to be found on the fuel pump on some diesel applications, the flexplate/flywheel, or the crankshaft pulley (or harmonic balancer as it's also known).
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How serious is the P0016 code?
This particular OBD-II trouble code is deemed to be severe as your camshaft and crankshaft are experiencing timing misalignment. The timing chain may have issues with guides or tensioners, leading to engine damage if the valves hit the pistons. Depending on the part that has failed, driving the vehicle for any lengthy period may cause additional internal engine problems. The car is likely to be hard to start, and once running, the engine may be hesitant and stall.
What are the common symptoms of a P0016 trouble code?
You will likely notice significant issues with the vehicle if a P0016 OBD-II error codes is activated. The following are the most common symptoms:
The Check Engine Light is illuminated
The engine may be hard to start or have a reduction in power
The engine may be hesitant, stall or generally run rough
Poor fuel economy
Decreased engine performance
Timing chain noise
Engine fails to start entirely
What are the causes of a P0016 OBD-II code?
Defective or corroded wiring or connections
CKP sensor issue
CMP sensor issue
Stretched timing chain
Mechanical faults such as the timing chain jumped teeth, a slipped reluctor ring on the crankshaft or slipped reluctor ring on bank 1 exhaust camshaft
Camshaft phaser problem
The oil flow to the phaser is hampered by an incorrect oil viscosity or partly clogged passages
Oil Control Valve (OCV) has a restriction in the OCV filter.
How to diagnose a P0016 fault code?
The easiest way to diagnose an OBD-II fault code is to use an OBD-II scanner or book a diagnostic check with a trusted mechanic or garage who will:
Make visual checks for issues with the wiring and camshaft and crankshaft sensors, and the oil control valve
Confirm engine oil is at capacity and that it's both clean and with the correct viscosity
Scan engine codes and view the freeze frame data to see when the code was activated
Reset the Check Engine Light and then road test the vehicle to see if the trouble code still exists
Instruct the OCV to on and off to see if the camshaft position sensor is alerting timing changes for the bank 1 camshaft
Perform the specific manufacturer's tests for the P0016 trouble code to establish the cause of the code
When diagnosing the P0016 code, it's essential to verify the codes and the failure before making any attempt to repair it, including making a visual assessment for possible common issues, including the wiring and connections of the components. In many cases, components such as the faulty sensors are quickly replaced when far more common problems are behind a P0016 OBD-II code. By carrying out a pinpoint test, helps avoid misdiagnosis and replacing good components.
How to fix a P0016 code?
In some instances, resetting the fault code and performing a road test can solve the issue. However, if the cause is more severe than this, the following work may be necessary. It is recommended to test drive after each check/work is carried out to see if the P0016 code clears. If not, move on to the next repair:
Repair the wiring or connections to the components, including the camshaft sensor or camshaft OCV
Check the timing chain and guides and replace if needed
Replace the camshaft OCV for bank 1 exhaust camshaft
Replace the camshaft sensor on bank 1 if it's having intermittent internal problems due to heat or vibrations, as these are not always verifiable. Only replace it if other checks and repairs have not solved the issue.
Tips to avoid a P0016 trouble code in future?
The most suitable way to avoid the P0016 OBD-II code is always to follow the manufacturer's maintenance recommendations related to the engine control module . Following that:
Keep your vehicle parked under cover when temperatures start to get above 32°C as extreme heat can damage sensitive parts, including sensors and timing components
Avoid excessive vibration as much as possible, which can also damage sensitive components, for example, avoid travelling at high speeds when roads are bumpy
Diarise to regularly check wiring for any corrosion or faults, especially when it's time to change the oil
Regularly change your oil to keep it clean, and always use the manufacturer's recommended viscosity
No luck resetting your P0016 code?
If you've gone through this article and haven't been able to rest your P0016 code, it's time for a car diagnostic test. Luckily, Fixter can help connect you to the best local garages, with upfront pricing, vetted garages, and a 12-month warranty on all parts and labour. Take our Car Diagnostic quiz now to get a quote in only 3 clicks.
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